Blockchain is a distributed system for storing and validating data that operates without a centralized controlling node. In a space analogy, it acts as a network of autonomous relays, synchronizing information among all participants without a single command center.
Decentralized architecture as a distributed network of stations
Blockchain networks consist of independent nodes, each participating in data verification. This structure ensures resilience, transparency of operations, and the impossibility of altering information without the agreement of all participants. The principles of operation vary depending on the protocol: Proof of Work, Proof of Stake, Delegated Proof, and other consensus mechanisms.
Smart contracts — automated onboard protocols
Smart contracts are programmable modules that execute automatically when predefined conditions are met. They provide predictability of processes and are used to build decentralized applications, financial instruments, and gaming mechanics. Main languages: Solidity, Vyper, Rust (Solana), Move (Sui, Aptos).
Transactions and data processing
Each operation in the blockchain is recorded as a transaction and added to the block chain. Validation algorithms determine the order of operations, balance control, and block formation mechanisms. This process can be compared to the transmission of signals between space stations, where each transmission is confirmed by the network and becomes part of the overall history.
Networks and ecosystems
Blockchain technologies are applied in various ecosystems: Ethereum, TON, Solana, BNB Chain, Polygon, and others. Each has its own infrastructure, throughput, cost of operations, and set of development tools. These parameters influence the choice of blockchain depending on the project's tasks.
Scaling and evolution of protocols
Modern networks are evolving towards increasing transaction processing speed and reducing operation costs. Second-level (L2) solutions, sharding, parachains, optimistic and zk-rollup technologies are being used. This forms the basis for creating more complex and autonomous distributed systems.
